Rhetorical Situation and Visual Design

1) Practical visual design is rational in the sense that each step of the way you can understand why you're making design decisions. 2) The three elements of the rhetorical situation are audience, purpose and context. 3) Some examples of large-scale responses to the rhetorical situation of a document include 11† x 17† four panel format, heavier paper, and arrangements of the documents major elements -brochure-like format, visual demeanor. ) Some examples of local-level responses to the rhetorical situation of a document are typography, large, bold type, bulleted list, single page letter, parallel layout, -narrow text columns, two bar charts and table, labels. 5) Traditional rhetorical strategies apply to visual design in the following ways Arrangement and emphasis strategies pertain to the visual structure and organization of the document. Clarity and conciseness strategies pertain primarily to functional matters of style, of making the design readable and efficient.Tone and ethos strategies relate primarily to readers subjective responses to the visual language, its voice and credibility. 6) Cognate strategies of visual designs interrelate and overlap because technicality may add to clarity as well as to conciseness. In the same way, the placement of the headings or drawings on a page in not entirely a matter of arrangement rather than ethos and of clarity rather than emphasis. 7) The three kinds of activities in the design process are Invention -Revision -Editing. ) Conventions in the context of communication are customary forms and configurations that members of an audience expect. 9) The three ways of grouping visual conventions are according to scope, degree of flexibility and size of the use group. 10) â€Å"Visual discourse community† means an audience that understands certain conventions. 11) Three guidelines for using visual conventions are Identify relevant conventions for any design problems you're trying to solve Realize that some conventions are more rigid than others Think of conventions in terms of your readers, who give them meaning and significance.

Can Nuclear Power Ever Be Completely Safe?

Dear Editor, In response to the article „After Fukushima, people ask: Can nuclear power ever be completely safe? â€Å" by Moya Irvine in „Read onâ€Å" April, 2011 I would like to state my opinion. I think that the nuclear power plants are on the one hand very effective, but on the other hand so dangerous, that they could destroy our whole planet. But what would we do without nuclear energy? We have to find some alternative, renewable energies to get an alternative solution to the atomic power plants. When we look back to the nuclear incidents like Chernobyl, Windscale or Three Mile Island we see, that this energy is too dangerous. Such a failure, which happened in Chernobyl circa 20 years ago, also could happen in every other nuclear power plant and so we have to find other renewable energies, that we do not have to use nuclear power plants. Another problem is the nuclear waste, which is produced by the power plants. This issue is till this day not solve. Because of this, we shouldn’t support a technology, which isn’t full developed. The only thing that the atomic power industry is doing, is to store the nuclear wast only temporarily. Until there is no final solution, I think atomic power is not a perspective for the future. Summing up, in my opinion, we should not finance such a dangerous and hostile system. Nuclear power is also not the solution for the climate change. So I appeal to all of the people- let’s stop nuclear power plants and save our kids future, because some day there will may be another Fukushima or Chernobyl. My name

Antigone Essays - Antigone, Civil Disobedience, Creon, Oedipus

Antigone Sophocles' trilogy of Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone is a powerful, tragic tale that examines the nature of human guilt, fate and punishment. Creon, Oedipus' uncle and brother-in-law, is the story's most dynamic character. His character experiences a drastic metamorphosis through the span of the three dramas. Creon's vision of a monarch's proper role, his concept of and respect for justice, as well as his respect for the design evolve considerably by the trilogy's tragic conclusion. In Oedipus the King (OK) , the audience is introduced to a Creon who seems to put loyalty to the king above all. He sympathizes with the tragic plight of King Oedipus and asserts no apparent ambition himself. His attitude toward the king is one of yielding and fulfilling reverence. Creon's notion of justice in OK stems directly from the divine. That which the gods have decreed must become law. It pains Creon to have Oedipus exiled, but he must do so as the gods have willed it. Creon's respect for divinity and prophecy seems to be his defining trait in OK. His attitude is one of unquestioning reverence. In Oedipus at Colonus (OC), one sees the beginning of Creon's decline. Creon has now come to occupy the throne that once belonged to Oedipus. It soon becomes apparent that his vision of the proper role of a king has changed to accommodate his new-found position. The emphasis shifts from that of a king who must rule wisely to one who must rule unyieldingly. The kingship becomes a selfserving instrument for Creon in his attempt to secure the return of Oedipus and the good fortune prophesied to accompany him. Creon's notion of justice is severely distorted in OC. He becomes monomaniacal - conducting his affairs with tyranny and belligerence. For example, he threatens to harm Oedipus' daughters if the blind beggar does not return to Thebes. His view of rightness and fairness is no longer in line with that of his subjects. In OC, Creon still retains some respect for divine prophecies. These have after all motivated his desire to return Oedipus to Thebes. Antigone reveals the ultimate extent to which Creon's character deteriorates. His transformation completes itself; he has become an unreasonable tyrant. Creon can no longer be called a king. He has become a despot. There is absolutely no justice to be found. Violence and threats of violence are the tools by which he rules. For example, his senseless threats to an innocent sentry reveal the true extent of his loss of reason. Creon has distorted the proclamation against Polyneices' burial, which was originally intended to foster Theban unity, into a display of rashness and incompetence. There is no mention of the gods and their intentions on Creon's behalf in Antigone. He has been so far destroyed by his own power as to dismiss the divine will that he originally thrived on.

History of the Catholic Church on the Death penalty and How it Changed Research Paper

History of the Catholic Church on the Death penalty and How it Changed Over Time - Research Paper Example In the early days of Christianity, death penalty however was favored by the Church as asserted by St. Augustine. During Catholicism’s infancy, it was viewed as a way of deterring the commission of sins and a means to protect the innocent from the wicked. Thomas Aquinas during the Middle Age upheld this view on the death penalty that the state does only have the right, but is also duty bound to protect its flock from its enemies both from within and without the Church (Book 3, Chapter 146). At that time, it was thought that dispensing such punishment is not a sin for it is the justice of God that is being carried out. Such, it is only proper then that by removing evil from society will preserve the good. Such that, evil men that undermines and is an impediment of the common good should be removed from the society of men through death. Many passages of the Holy Bible were used to justify this early position of the Catholic Church on the death penalty. While it was commanded that â€Å"thou shall not commit murder†, it was argued in I Peter (2, 13-14) that thou should â€Å"be subjected therefore to every human creature for God's sake: whether to be on the king as excelling, or to governors as sent by him for the punishment of evildoers and for the praise of good†. ... During the same time, especially on the First Crusade in 1095, the Catholic Church, through Pope Urban II implied the penalty of death penalty to non-Christians when it encouraged the retaking of the Holy Land by force. As a result, Jews and Muslims alike were killed in the process for being non-Catholics. Death penalty was also used as a political weapon against its dissenters on its colony especially in the South East Asia. At the time when Spain invaded through the use of the Cross and Sword an unknown island in East known today as the Philippines (after King Philip of Spain), death penalty was used against those who call for secession from Spain. For more than 300 years (1565-1898), the death penalty was used against political enemy by pressuring the Governor General who then ruled the archipelago But circumstances and time change and so did the position of the Catholic Church on the death penalty. Despite of its previous position on the death penalty, the Catholic Church is now one of the most fervent advocates of the abolition of the death penalty. Whilst before it find necessary to remove the wicked to protect the innocent through death, it now calls for a deeper respect for the human life and that position even transcended even to the unborn. Recent position of the Catholic Church about death penalty changed to the abrogation of the death penalty. One of the Church’s recent Pope who was vocal against the imposition of death penalty was Karol Wojtila or Pope John Paul II. â€Å"During his tenure, the news media devoted substantial, even inordinate, attention to John Paul’s pronouncements on abortion, divorce, gay rights, the death penalty, euthanasia, human cloning, and other controversial topics† (Mulligan, 2006). †The Holy See has consistently sought the

Ad Agency Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ad Agency - Assignment Example The company experienced high download rates within days after the release of the advertisement. In my own view, it was an excellent program since the customers had the ability to control different aspects of the songs including the volumes, and rhythm. I believe it was a success. Question three: Do you think electronic promotions will eventually overtake traditional marketing like TV, print, etc.? Why or why not? Please use a reasoned approach to your answer. In other words, think of things we have talked about in class throughout the semester and use those concepts to justify your answer. This isnt to be just your opinion but an informed prediction. Answer: Yes, I believe that electronic promotions will eventually overcome traditional marketing such as print and televisions. Social changes such as increase in computer literate consumers and high access to the internet will eventually shift the market to electronic markets. Electronic promotions such as use of You Tube and other social networking platforms overcomes the location barriers associated with traditional marketing channels like print. Many younger people spent more time on the internet whether during work or relaxing like playing online music and reading thus digital markets can reach a large market share of potential

Marine Finance and Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marine Finance and Insurance - Essay Example Some of the calamities that can cause damage include fire, collision, sinking, mutiny, piracy, shipwreck, etc. however, when the marine cargo insurance compensates the owner of the cargo, it excludes the payment of any items of cargo that can be recovered by the carrier or that will be taken care of by the marine insurance. Marine insurance also covers all the expenses that the owner of the cargo uses as a result of the delay that the loss covers. The profit that the owner of the cargo could have gained had the cargo reached him or her in time is also taken care of by the marine insurance. This paper aims at covering the marine insurance markets, the market practices, and the risks insured. Also included is a critical appraisal of a marine insurance that is likely to be required as security for ship financing by a financier. The exact reason why an individual who wishes to transport his or her cargo by ship needs to know about marine insurance is that it will help you protect your cargo form the point of origin to the point of destination. Two ways exist in which a businessman can transport his or her cargo: wet marine also called waterborne cargo or as dry marine also called land transported cargo (Gaebler, 2009). ... An inland marine insurance ensures that if the cargo gets lost in the process of shipment, compensation can always take place regardless of the individual who was in possession of the cargo when it got lost. Inland marine policies fall into two categories and each of them is designed to take care of shipping related losses. These are the filed policies and the non-filed policies (Gaebler, 2009). Filed policies are used to cover the direct loss of physical property and feature insured individuals who have suffered similar losses. For the non-filed policies, the direct loss of cargo is covered but this time round, compensation is allowed on only that property that had a specific cause of loss. The non-filed policies are very customizable and hence any type of property being transported can be covered by these policies. Other kinds of marine policies include the voyage policy that one applies for to cater for a specific trip (Horward, 2006). Compensation can only be made for the insured item if loss or damage took place when the items were being transferred. This policy is most suitable for cargo insurance. A time policy is covers the insured property for a given period of time. The maximum amount of time that most insurance companies are willing to cater for a property is twelve months. This type of policy is best for insuring ships. A floating policy helps individuals who are regular shippers of merchandise and it takes care of goods that are shipped in different shipments within a given period of time. A port policy covers a ship for the period that the ship is in a particular port. The fleet insurance policy helps insure several ships that belong to one owner to be insured under the same policy (John, 2002). Time policy and voyage policy can

Polybius, the Constitution of the Roman republic Essay

Polybius, the Constitution of the Roman republic - Essay Example Polybius begins the analysis of separate magistrates with consuls. The consuls, when they are present in Rome, govern all the people and all the officers except the tribunes, they report to the Senate on all matters and enter the embassy to the Senate, oversee the execution of enactments, summon the national assembly, make proposals, execute orders, have unlimited authority in military affairs, may punish any person in the military camp and spend public funds at their discretion. The senate primarily administers the state treasury; in its jurisdiction are all crimes committed in Italy, it is responsible for the administration of embassies in countries outside of Italy; it decides issues of war and peace, receives the embassy. Polybius emphasizes that people do not participate at all in these events. Realizing that may give the impression that people can do nothing substantial, the author hastens to warn that this is a false opinion. He draws the reader’s attention to the fact that people have a very strong influence on the life of the Roman state, as in people’s hands is the right to reward and punish. From the viewpoint of Polybius these incentives determine people’s entire lives.

Big business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Big business - Essay Example war, it is important to establish a post-conflict recovery period where a country affected by civil war can get sufficient time to jump-start its economic mechanisms and strengthen the financial structures. The post-conflict recovery period is essential because it determines to what extent a particular economy will recover from the crippling effects of civil war. War paralyzes all economic activities of the conflicting country as well as all the neighboring states. Such important activities as regional trade often come to a standstill. Take, for instance, the situation in Iraq in 2003, in which US invaded them. This invasion was a major setback for the economy of Iraq, but amazingly, it only took them a year to recover. This was because Iraq is a major oil producer, and its economy is well structured. Oil is a major issue in international business currently (Ionica, 2012). Oil prices have drastically gone down, and, therefore, countries that are relying on oil for economic boost are facing uncertain times. Venezuela, for instance, relies on oil for economic stability. They are currently experiencing economic hardship because the prices of oil in the international market have gone down. Lebanon was affected by conflict, and it took twenty years to experience full economic recovery. This paper scrutinizes the role of the civil war in the destruction of a particular economy. It seeks to expose the role of big businesses in this civil war. This is because a big business just cannot attain stability in an area that is experiencing conflict. It seeks to reveal to how conflict directly affects the economy (Bouri, 2014). There is a tremendous impact that these wars have on big businesses, some of which may totally collapse because of the economic instability caused by conflict. Therefore, it is important for global enterprises to realize how conflict is detrimental to big businesses and its direct effects on the economy (Costalli, Moretti, & Pischedda, 2014). Good

Caffeine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Caffeine - Research Paper Example It is a drug of dependence. â€Å"Caffeine is a drug that maintains an enigmatic existence somewhere in the middle of lower end of continuum of dependence—producing drugs. It is not readily categorized with known drugs of dependence, such as cocaine, nicotine, heroin and ethanol. On the other hand, caffeine does elicit some effects typical of dependence-producing drugs.†(Gupta, p.143)Does caffeine secure respectability in the culinary culture and acceptance as harmless for human consumption? The answer is in the negative viewed from any angle. Let’s agree that Caffeine is the world’s most popular drug. Though this is mostly related to coffee, it is also found in tea. Tea leaves contain about 3.5% caffeine. Caffeine containing soft drinks are very popular. â€Å"Caffeine taken in beverage form begins to reach all tissues of the body within five minutes. Peak blood levels are reached in about 30 minutes. Half of a given dose of caffeine is metabolized in about four hours more rapidly in smokers and less rapidly in newborn infants, in women in late pregnancy, and in sufferers from liver disease. (Caffeine†¦.) Caffeine increases blood pressure and stimulates the brain and behavior. There are many therapeutic use of caffeine, but controversies are associated with their application. Medical opinion is not unanimous about its authentic utility. As soon as it enters the body, its effect is immediate and electric! â€Å"Blood pressure, pulse rate, and stomac h acid production are increased, fat stores are broken down, and fatty acids are released into the blood stream.†(Caffeine and †¦.)Many other complications follow like, lack of energy, fatigue, and improper sleep. With alcohol consumption, it leads to deterioration of one’ health! With enough evidence against it, caffeine will always be viewed with suspicion. â€Å"Overall, the leading research projects based on objective criteria demonstrate that caffeine intake near bedtime†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.decreases total

Unilever international finance and accounting Essay

Unilever international finance and accounting - Essay Example Unilever, United Kingdom, has just dropped Boursin as one of its business entities.Unilever ia a global business focusing on personal care, food and other consumer products. It has entrenched itself in the home as one of the trusted and reliable but reasonably priced products in the market today.Unilever has always been a staunch follower of all social responsibility laws. The social responsibility laws focus on many issues (Sluyterman 2005, 12).Further, one such issue is the payment of minimum salaries to its workers. Another such issue is the implementation of work conditions where environmental laws are taken into consideration. Another issue of social responsibility it the company's role of uplifting the lives of people in its community, the customers of Unilever and the world as a whole. In this regard, companies like Unilever are required to produce products that are not harmful to the customers and the environment (Dingman 2008). Unilever is an institution today because it had gone through many years of trials and errors with the aim of making profits without sacrificing its social responsibility to the community and other stakeholders. The following paragraphs explain Unilever's important place in the business world in terms of making profits, divestment of segments and its social responsibility.Unilever (United Kingdom) is one of the country units of Unilever world. The company has been producing popular household brands that are needed by homes, offices and work places around the United Kingdom alone. The company is an institution in the field of food, home and personal care products. Unilever (United Kingdom) has under its big belt over thirty five brands that include Cornetto, Bertolli, Cif, and Sunsilk. In the area of highest country revenue, the United Kingdom is next only to the United States. The company has started smoothly the rough working conditions in order to streamline its operations. One such financially correct move was to cut its manag erial positions by half during the year. Reference: www.finance.google.com/financecid=5763516 Further, the company has also innovated its company -wide sales and marketing operational strategy. The company has reduced operating expense in its United Kingdom branch by relocating its three departments to one single location. This financially rewarding move is currently the right time for the company continue its retrenchment of more than three hundred twenty line and staff employees until the year 2009. Its office is located in St. James Road, Kingston -Upon-Thames, KTI 2BA, GBR. Reference: www.finance.google.com/financecid=5763516 Unilever company is a financially stable company. The Income statement of Unilever UK for the year 2006 shows that the company generated in billions of pounds of revenues to the tue of 26,714. This shows a two percent decrease from the prior year revenues. The 2005 revenues generated 27,304.4.This represented a decrease of four percent over the prior year revenues. The 2004 revenues generated only 28,584.1. The 2006 cost of sales amounted to 13,540.3. This shows a four percent decline over the cost of goods sold of the prior year. The prior year cost of goods sold is 14,037.6. This is definitely two percent lower than the prior year cost of sales. The prior year sales amounted to 14,309.8. The company also generated gross profit of 13,173.7 for the year 2006. This is a seven percent decrease from the prior year gross profit. The prior year gross profit only reached of 14,274.4. Also, the gross profit ratio for the year 2006 is high at forty nine percent (13,171.7 /26,714). The gross profit ratio for the year 2005 is lower than the 2006 data at forty eight ;/100 percent (13,266.8 /27,304.4). The gross profit ratio for the year 2004 is high at fifty percent (14,274.43,171.7 /28,584.1). The company's operating income for the year 2006

The thought of choosing a college Essay Example for Free

The thought of choosing a college Essay The future, begins, now! Why? Because now, the thought of choosing a college has entered the minds of students and now, students have to make a choice between some colleges. They are striving on choosing the perfect college that best fits them. The hardest part of choosing a college is making sure the students are alert to the differences between some options, which in this case are four-year college and community college. The decision between which college to attend is difficult for some students to decide, so some things they should consider are, the prices, the courses for the students decided major and lastly, the admission requirements. After taking notice of these 3 aspects, community college by far is the better college to attend. Community college is much less expensive than a four-year college because it doesn’t require travel expenses or home expenses like property taxes and mortgage interest. On average, it only requires a 15-30 minute drive to the college, which is delightful, considering the fact that students are usually closer to home and only paying for gas! According to RCBC, the cost for one year at college is approximately $2,000.00, but some other things that might have to be paid for are, general fees, technology fees, and enrollment fees. Some other fees that may have to pay for include a $25 application fee, $50 late registration fee and special course fees. Something to take notice of is the credit hours; a full-time undergraduate student must have over 12 or more credit hours per term. However many credit hours taken will determine how much the cost will be at all. So basically the things being paid for tuition, all the fees and however many credit hours that have been decided. Lastly, the costs will vary depending on whether the student is a resident, out of state student or an out of county student. Who wouldn’t want to go to a community college for less money and still get the same education as they would in a four-year college? For the students that don’t know what major fits them, then community college is the perfect college to attend for their first couple of years. When students are not certain about the major they want to study in than four-year college is not their best option for their first two years of college. If students are trying to find out what they\re most passionate in than community college is the way to go because community college gives students the chance to find out exactly what interests them (‘Choosing A College†1). Yes, it is true that community college doesn’t offer as much as a four-year college does, but students should consider how much it can actually help them. The professors at community colleges give all the students the education needed and going to a community college will also help them earn all the credits they will need for the future. By â€Å"the future† meaning that, if they want they can transfer from a community college to a four-ye ar college with having all the credits and required courses out of the way. Then for the rest of the years, the students will just focus on their decided major. But, they need to make sure the credits are transferable so that they will count it in the next college attended. In summary, going to community college for the first two years and getting all of the courses out of the way is without a doubt, the best intention for those undecided of their majors. For the students that are beginning to decide on the college they want to attend, they must meet the admission requirements. â€Å"In certain cases, some schools will offer admission to students with low college entrance scores† (â€Å"Choosing A College† 2). This means that many schools will allow the students who haven’t met the required admissions to attend but that \s only in some cases. RCBC requires a graduate that has received their high school diploma and those who had a â€Å"successful completion,† which is grades better than C’s. The undergraduate or graduate must succeed in all courses with a C or grades higher than a C average. â€Å"Achievements of an RCBC cumulative Gpa of 2.5 or greater at the time of admission† (RCBC 1).So, it is obvious that students must have a diploma and a GPA of 2.5 or greater to attend community college. All in all, in order to attend the college of the scholars choice, they must follow the admission re quirements so they are able to attend. Four-year colleges are incredibly expensive due to the prices of housing, food, and even everyday life things. Now that some students live in a dorm or an apartment they will have to buy extra for the food and all the crazy things college kids like to buy for their dorms. If they decide to go to a college in the state they live in then they’re considered a resident so, according to The College Of New Jersey, the tuitions and fees would roughly be.. $16,000.00, but that’s not all. The total cost for one year is relatively close to $29,000.00. If they’re not a resident than the tuition and fees would be close to $27,000.00, and for a whole year it is around $40,000.000. â€Å"State and local governments subsidize(financially support) public schools, allowing lower tuition costs† (â€Å"Choosing A College† 1). A few of the fees that are required to pay for would be, student Service fee, capital fee, Computing Access fee, Student Center fee and Student Activity fee. In all, going to a four-year college is clearly more expensive than going to a community college. For those that already know what they want to major in, then for them, four-year college is the better college to attend. Four-year colleges offer a wider range of majors to study and offers a bigger variety of degrees to receive. But, before they choose any college they must determine whether or not the college of their choice offers the programs needed for them to succeed in their major. â€Å"Two of the most important decisions faced by students contemplating postsecondary education is where to attend college and what major to choose â€Å"(Eric R. Eide, Michael J. Hilmer and Mark H. Showalter 1). Clearly, one of the biggest parts of attending any college is being able to choose the major that fits them now, in 5 years, 10 years, and so on. To conclude, this one big decision they make will dramatically change their future, and it will hopefully be for the best. â€Å"The key point is finding out what path will be most beneficial to you†(â€Å"Choosing A College† 2) . When attending to a four-year college student must acknowledge the fact that four-year colleges are definitely harder to get accepted into.â€Å"If the student\s SAT score is 900 and the school\s average is 1300, then the student should think twice about their college of choice† (â€Å"Choosing a College† 2). It is obvious that to get into a college you need the required school average in order to attend. The thing about enrolling in a four-year college is whether or not you enroll as a matriculated student or a non-matriculated student. A matriculated student is a student that registers to a certain school as a student and a non-matriculated student is a student that only goes to school for a short amount of time, so they only attend classes part-time and they can only register to take 12 or fewer credit hours. According to TCNJ, â€Å"Individuals applying for matriculation are expected to hold a bachelor\s degree for proof of equivalent preparation to a foreign colle ge or university† (â€Å"Graduate Studies† 2). This basically means that students who are applying to be a student at their college of choice should have their required degrees in order to go elsewhere. In all, the admission requirements to get into a four-year college can be very complicated depending on where the student decides to go and how the student enrolls themselves.

How to Essay Example for Free

How to Essay Mmmhm Can you smell that? The aroma of gooey gorgonzola cascading down a mount of al dente bow tie pasta. Have you ever been stuck in a rut and had no clue what to cook for your date or in general? Why not cook pasta? Not just any pasta, but bow tie pasta with creamy gorgonzola sauce that will take your taste buds on a ride! Mmmhm Now let me take you on an excursion through culinary excellency and show you step by step how to make this exquisite meal and some tips how to make your meal extra special. There? s no such thing as pasta without a boiling pot. To achieve the best taste pallet possible out of this dish I use my lucky ceramic boiling pot. You might think, why isn? t that silly, a lucky ceramic pot. Well just like how singers and actors have there lucky charm, I have my pot to make this pasta dish extra special. Once you get the pot on the stove you want to make sure the stove is set on high to ensure that the pasta gets cooked fast and easily and add about two cups of water and a dash of salt for ?avor. In a few minutes you would start to hear the sudtle POP POP of the water and that? s your que to add the bow tie pasta. Now there are many varieties of bow tie pasta to chose from but when making it with gorgonzola sauce you want to choose one with crunch to controvict with the creaminess of the gorgonzola and the best pasta for this job is ronzoni because of its low sodium level. As soon as the pasta is in the pot, i get to work with the sauce. For this you? ll need a nice chunk of gorgonzola cheese,milk,pepper, and of course butter to add that fatty taste to the sauce. Put all of these in a separate pot than the pasta and set the How to do essay ~ stove to medium for a slow and easy cook. Slowly the cheese disappears into a thick blue and white sauce. The aroma of the cheese slowly creeps into your nose causing you noseHere comes the hardest part. The agonizing and tantalizing wait for the pasta to cook.

Foreign Policy Challenges for Donald Trump

Foreign Policy Challenges for Donald Trump Donald J. Trump, the 45th President of the United States of America has been handed down numerous formidable foreign policy challenges ranging from areas in the Middle East throughout East Asia. Trump had even tweeted that â€Å"THE WORK BEGINS!† on January 23, despite any of his top foreign policy positions, at the time, yet to be filled (Trump). According to the White House website, Trump will implement an â€Å"American first foreign policy focused on American interests and American national security† (Spicer). The White House strategy will focus on â€Å"peace through strength,† made possible in part by chasing â€Å"the highest level of military readiness† (Spicer). Potential Challenges: Russia One potential challenge posed to U.S. interest by the emerging foreign policy of the Trump administration is the issue of Russia. The U.S.-Russian relationship is at its lowest point since the Cold War (Fishel). President Trump has stated a closer association with Russian President Vladimir Putin would be an advantage to the United States (Fishel). But the majority of his administration has â€Å"maintained that Russia needs to be confronted for its aggression, including for its annexation of Crimea and military incursions into Eastern Ukraine, hacking during the 2016 presidential election, backing Syrian dictator Bashar Assad, and Russias brutal aerial bombing campaign to assist his efforts† (Fishel). Unparalleled Russian hacking into the Democratic National Committee also enhances the colossal â€Å"security threat posed to critical components of the U.S. government, infrastructure, defense technology, and many other government operations that rely heavily on cyber technology† (Fishel). On the White House Website, it was publicized that it â€Å"will make it a priority to develop defensive and offensive cyber capabilities at our U.S. Cyber Command, and recruit the best and brightest Americans to serve in this crucial area† (Fishel). Russias military intervention in Syria has efficiently set up a proxy war with the U.S. and the rebel forces it backs. The U.S. has held Russia responsible for its â€Å"subsequent breakdown of cease-fire negotiations and the devastating siege of  Aleppo, Syria† (Fishel). Finally, â€Å"Putins war in Ukraine and illegal annexation of  Crimea has sparked fears that hes seeking to reclaim Soviet-era borders and eventually could bait the  NATO  alliance into a military conflict† (Fishel). Trumps latest remarks on Russia have so far confronted the conventional wisdom of either party and has drawn criticism from both sides. Trump hasn’t convicted the Russian hacks into the U.S. election process and has said he would be looking at the possibility of lifting sanctions against Russia tied to its illegal military annexation of Crimea, which the U.S. government has refused to accept† (Fishel). He openly questioned the intelligence communitys calculation that Russia hacked the DNC, compared them to Nazis and held them responsible for releasing false information about his ties to Russia (Fishel). Rather than stand against a potential restoration of Soviet expansionism, critics say Trump seems to be accepting it. He has labeled the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), considered the first line of defense against Russian expansionism, as obsolete, while also suggesting he may not honor the organizations most sacred covenant of mutual defense† (Fishel). In addition to saying the U.S. would profit from a friendlier association with Putin, Trump has also admired him on Twitter, calling him very smart for deciding not to react when President Obama kicked out Russian intelligence offers in retort to the election hack (Trump). North Korea During this past September, North Korea administered its biggest ever nuclear test, discharging a bomb that has been perceived to be able to â€Å"yield to the equivalent of 10 kilotons of TNT† (Fishel). Making this the country’s second nuclear test this year and their fifth since 2006. Now more than ever the United States in extremely alarmed, that North Korea is more near to their goal of â€Å"miniaturizing a nuclear weapon that can be placed on long-range missiles a move that could destabilize the region and the world† (Fishel). Differing from Iran, the U.S has been unable to negotiate an agreement regarding nuclear issues (Fishel). Taking into account, that 3 of the five nuclear tests in North Korea have taken place under Kim Jong-un’s rule, it is clear that the dictator is fearless of the overpowering economic sanctions imposed by foreign nations (Fishel). Even though China’s foreign Ministry has reprimanded the North Korean Tests and urged â€Å"international dialogue, recent tensions between the United States and China over the South China Sea could congeal Chinese support for taking a more aggressive approach to the North Korean regime† (Fishel). This past January, after North Korea stated that they were close to firing off nuclear weapons that could reach the United States, Donald Trump tweeted that â€Å"it won’t happen,† which could be interpreted as a possible â€Å"redline† for the Trump administration (Fishel). In May of 2017 Trump stated that we could potentially be open to the idea of allowing North Korea’s neighbors, including United States allies South Korea and Japan, to obtain their own nuclear resources. This is a move that would successfully â€Å"nuclearize the entire region and negate the cost as justification for stationing United States troops in the region† (Fishel). Trump at the same time has stated that â€Å"We cannot afford to be the military and the police for the world† (Trump). What Trump’s administration means for US Interests The Trump Administration will test the durability of some of America’s longstanding alliances but may create opportunities for new cooperation with others. Trump has expressed that he wanted to improve the United States relationship with Russia, more specifically he wants a closer relationship with Putin (Tucker). Improvement in the U.S.-Russia relationship could alleviate the risk of an escalation in tensions between Iran and the United States. Russia is hopeful for the Trump administration will be friendlier toward them and will â€Å"weaken or even diminish sanctions that were previously imposed on them after the annexation of Crimea in 2014† (Tucker). These sanctions being lifted would allow for President Putin to pronounce himself a winner in the stand-off with the Western powers before the presidential election in 2018 (Tucker). Authorities in Ukraine fear that more cordial relationship between the U.S.-Russia will â€Å"undermine U.S. support for their reform process† (Tucker). Since the Maidan revolution in 2014, the U.S has been a â€Å"committed ally helping finance the new government guaranteeing its international bonds and supporting the IMF program in Ukraine† (Tucker). North Korea  prohibited the U.N. Security Council’s declaration on its latest â€Å"ballistic missile launch and claimed its tests are in self-defense† (News). These tests made by North Korea have been unanimously condemned by the Security Council. They stated that these launches are a â€Å"grave violation of international law† (News). China, one of North Koreas only allies, and main lifeline, also signed onto that statement (News). This enhances another level of ambiguity to the region that is still trying to get a read on the new unpredictable U.S. president. These new missiles are more stable and allow for a less advanced warning (News). â€Å"This achievement on part of North Korea is a dangerous advancement toward the pursuit of a nuclear weapon and is a big first test for President Trump† (News). â€Å"Obviously, North Korea is a big, big problem and we will deal with that very strongly† Trump tweeted (Trump).   Ã¢â‚¬Å"China and the United States have fundamentally different approaches to dealing with North Korea,† said Tong Zhao, a fellow at the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center in Beijing (News). â€Å"China believes we have to gradually encourage North Korea to liberalize its economy to open up to the international community† (News). Ninety percent of North Korea’s trade is with China, leading Western officials indict Beijing of upholding the neighboring dictatorship (News). But China said, â€Å"It’s doing its part by signing on to stringent  U.N. sanctions† (News). In March the United States and South Korea held their â€Å"annual large-scale military drills, which was largely seen by North Korea as a direct threat to their security† (News). North Korea has stated that this could seriously undermine peace and security in the region (News). These drills could also potentially close the door on any â€Å"potential direct engagement with the United States and push North Korea to test an even larger more powerful missile† (News). But to reassure us all Trump tweets â€Å"I have great confidence that China will properly deal with North Korea. If they are unable to do so, the U.S with its allies will! U.S.A.† (Trump). Since Donald Trump has taken office, things have been less then dull, especially regarding his foreign policy. Sure his order to suspend visas for citizens from seven Muslim-majority countries was explosive, however, it is not a central issue in U.S. foreign policy (Friedman). Deepening questions have been brought up in regards to Trump’s foreign policy. And the real question is if he actually has intentions of downgrading NATO, shift relations with Russia, confront China, and take a significant stand against Iran. A foreign policy is not made by hostile phones calls nor threatening tweets. Works Cited Fishel, Justin. 7 Major Foreign Policy Challenges Facing President Donald Trump.ABC News. ABC News Network, 23 Jan. 2017. Web. 11 Apr. 2017. . Friedman, George. Trumps Conventional Foreign Policy.  RealClearWorld. Geopolitical Features, 9 Feb. 2017. Web. 17 Apr. 2017. . News, CBS. What North Korea Missile Launch Means for U.S.-China Relations.  CBS News. CBS Interactive, 14 Feb. 2017. Web. 17 Apr. 2017. . Schneider, Ondrej. The Trump Effect: Global Implications of the Next U.S. President.The Trump Effect: Global Implications of the Next U.S. President | The Institute of International Finance. Institute of International Finance, 8 Dec. 2016. Web. 14 Apr. 2017. . Spicer, Sean. Remarks by President Trump in Strategy and Policy Forum.  The White House. The United States Government, 03 Feb. 2017. Web. 11 Apr. 2017. . Trump, Donald J. Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump).  Twitter. Twitter, 09 Apr. 2017. Web. 12 Apr. 2017. . Tucker, Joshua. Here’s How Trump’s Election Will Affect U.S.-Russian Relations.The Washington Post. WP Company, 10 Nov. 2016. Web. 14 Apr. 2017. .

Robert Hughes Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of American :: Hughes Robert Essays

Robert Hughes' Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of American Robert Hughes, a native Australian, spent twenty years in the United States and assumed many traits that are typical of Americans before publishing Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of America. His evaluation finds that America is a country more focused on appearance than reality. Americans would rather complain than change. Instead of analyzing the problem of American culture, Hughes attempts to present himself as an ideal critic, scholar, and journalist. He seems more concerned with reputation that academics. Like the work of Alexis de Tocqueville, which has remained the benchmark for the study of American culture since the 1830s, Hughes wants his theories to become widely read and universally accepted. Some of Culture of Complaint is interesting and insightful, however, Hughes comes off as the ‘typical’ American that he chastises in his writing: arrogant, inconsiderate of others, and above all, full of complaints. Hughes overemphasizes America’s infatuation with political correctness, but fails to understand the real issue. It is undeniably true that â€Å"no sifting of words is going to reduce the amount of bigotry in this or any other society† (21). However, racist labels are prevalent in American society which remind minority groups of their inferior status. The professional football team in our nation’s capital is called the ‘Redskins.’ This moniker is the result of a politically incorrect past that has not been rectified. Political correctness intends to change the way we label things so that minority groups are not excluded or demeaned. Certainly Hughes would object to calling a rugby team in Australia the ‘Sydney Blackies.’ Hughes was right in understanding that political correctness will not cause dramatic changes, but racism in any form, no matter how small, is bad for society. Regardless, he spends too much time discussing this issue . Political correctness warranted more attention for Hughes than it does in the national media today. It is quite telling that only five years after its publication this material is already outdated. Throughout Hughes’ text the reader is bombarded with the tedious, albeit extensive, litany of his readings. He has â€Å"read a lot of books in the last forty-five years, since (he) became a conscious and addicted reader at the age of about nine† (107). However, instead of writing about works he is familiar with, he should write about what he has learned from undertaking this honorable hobby. Robert Hughes' Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of American :: Hughes Robert Essays Robert Hughes' Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of American Robert Hughes, a native Australian, spent twenty years in the United States and assumed many traits that are typical of Americans before publishing Culture of Complaint: the Fraying of America. His evaluation finds that America is a country more focused on appearance than reality. Americans would rather complain than change. Instead of analyzing the problem of American culture, Hughes attempts to present himself as an ideal critic, scholar, and journalist. He seems more concerned with reputation that academics. Like the work of Alexis de Tocqueville, which has remained the benchmark for the study of American culture since the 1830s, Hughes wants his theories to become widely read and universally accepted. Some of Culture of Complaint is interesting and insightful, however, Hughes comes off as the ‘typical’ American that he chastises in his writing: arrogant, inconsiderate of others, and above all, full of complaints. Hughes overemphasizes America’s infatuation with political correctness, but fails to understand the real issue. It is undeniably true that â€Å"no sifting of words is going to reduce the amount of bigotry in this or any other society† (21). However, racist labels are prevalent in American society which remind minority groups of their inferior status. The professional football team in our nation’s capital is called the ‘Redskins.’ This moniker is the result of a politically incorrect past that has not been rectified. Political correctness intends to change the way we label things so that minority groups are not excluded or demeaned. Certainly Hughes would object to calling a rugby team in Australia the ‘Sydney Blackies.’ Hughes was right in understanding that political correctness will not cause dramatic changes, but racism in any form, no matter how small, is bad for society. Regardless, he spends too much time discussing this issue . Political correctness warranted more attention for Hughes than it does in the national media today. It is quite telling that only five years after its publication this material is already outdated. Throughout Hughes’ text the reader is bombarded with the tedious, albeit extensive, litany of his readings. He has â€Å"read a lot of books in the last forty-five years, since (he) became a conscious and addicted reader at the age of about nine† (107). However, instead of writing about works he is familiar with, he should write about what he has learned from undertaking this honorable hobby.

SAINT JOHN BOSCO Essay -- essays research papers

John Bosco was born on August 16, 1815, to a poor farming family in Becchi, a small suburb of Turin, Italy. The child grew to be the â€Å"Beloved Apostle of Youth†. One of John Bosco’s earliest recollections occurred at age two. He remembers his mother telling him upon his father’s death , â€Å"You have no father now†. Although he stated that he could not remember what his father was like , his death must have had a profound effect on him and perhaps sparked his desire to help troubled boys, many of whom were fatherless. I cannot say that I have suffered the loss of a close family member and can only imagine the effect it could have on my life. From the time he was a young child, John Bosco seemed to have a clear understanding of God’s ways; and what he didn’t understand was often made clear to him by his mother â€Å"Mama Margaret†. She seemed to know, even at an early age, that her son was destined to do good in the name of God. She taught him by example from an early age and continued to support him and all his good works throughout his life. She eventually joined him at he Oratory and became â€Å"Mother† to hundreds of boys. Her positive influence was felt by all of those boys. It was almost as if the Blessed Mother worked through her good example and words of wisdom. Mama Margaret warned her son to â€Å"beware of bad boys you may meet on your journey through life†. and asked him one day, â€Å"Why do you go with such bad boys?† How many mothers have echoed similar words? How confident John Bosco was in the power of his good example when he replied, â€Å"If I am with them they are better and do not say bad words†. Wouldn’t this world be a better place if we all had such confidence and faith in the power our own good example. As a young child, John Bosco had the ability to attract young boys. He went out of his way to study â€Å"traveling show† folk to learn acrobatic and sleight of hand tricks to entertain the boys who would gather around him. After a performance he would discuss a sermon from a recent Mass or lead the group in a hymn. If people started to leave he would tell them that they couldn’t come back and see more tricks unless they stayed for the sermon. Of course they remained. At age nine John had a dream that clearly indicated his intentions of becoming a priest. Mama Margaret understood this dream and set out to educate her son and prepare him for First Holy Communio... ...ready does exist, but we haven’t taken notice yet. I have to admit that mothers seem to have this ability to sense when we are about to get into trouble whether we know it or not. Needless to say, John Bosco worked tirelessly for his boys. A doctor had commented that his body seemed like that of a much older man. Perhaps that was because John Bosco never refused a request from anyone in need. He gave generously of his time, his energy, and his wisdom. He died on January 31, 1888 and was canonized in 1934. While reading this book I could not help but recognize the similarities between John Bosco’s Oratories and our school. There is clearly a feeling of brotherhood among the students at Don Bosco Prep. I remember how we all laughed during orientation when we were told about this feeling of brotherhood, but all of us now agree that it exists. We are led by the good example of our teachers and priests, are made to follow a code of discipline, and are provided academic and religious instruction. It is an atmosphere that guides us in choosing between right and wrong and hopefully gives us confidence and faith in the power of our own good example. The work of Saint John Bosco continues!

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van Winkle :: Rip Van Winkle Essays

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van Winkle Washington Irving's, "Rip Van Winkle" presented a tale of a "dreamer." Rip Van Winkle was a family man who worked odd jobs around town, but managed to slip away from doing his own work around his farm. He was "one of those happy mortals...who take[s] the world easy." (pg. 404). He constantly struggled with the "henpecking" of his wife. Van Winkle found refuge and comfort going squirrel shooting with his dog. "Rip Van Winkle" depicts a story of a man longing to be free, and of the transformation that occurs to him and the town. Van Winkle "would have whistled life away" (pg. 404) had it not been for his wife . This served as a foreshadow for what was to come. Van Winkle wanted peace and to be left alone. He was like a kid; he often "made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles..." (pg. 403). He always did what could "be got with least thought or trouble," (pg.404) just as a child often does. He just "shrugged his shoulders...but said nothing," (pg. 404) to Dame Van Winkle's lectures. He was tired of hearing her, yet did nothing to change his behaviors or at least to try to please her. Van Winkle did "dream" his life away. He was gone for twenty years and returns to find his town and life different from how he had left it. I believe he just left one day and before he knew it, twenty years had past. Dame Van Winkle represented the Revolutionary War. "The changes of states and empires made but little impression on him," (pg. 412) but he did displease the "petticoat government." He describes the government as if it were a woman. "Petticoat" is a representation of Dame Van Winkle. Van Winkle pays no attention to his wife nor does he fight back, just as he did not fight in the war. Or, was this his war he was battling? When Van Winkle reflects on top of the mountain, "he heaved a heavy sigh when he thought of encountering the terrors of Dame Van Winkle." (pg. 406) "Terrors" come to mind when one thinks of war. Van Winkle doesn't regard Dame as his wife, rather he thinks of her as "Dame Van Winkle," with no affection.

Tcl 201 Midterm

Questions: 1. Taking your information from Katherine Benton-Cohen’s book, Borderline Americans, write an essay on how the term â€Å"American† became synonymous with â€Å"white† in Cochise County during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Start by discussing the nature of relations between Mexicans and whites in the different sections of the county during the 19th century. How did relations change over time and what factors led to those changes?In answering these questions, you should pay some attention to changing demographics but focus on how mining companies’ interest in exploiting its labor force, the Bisbee Deportations, and the aftermath of the deportations led to the creation of â€Å"one county, two races. † Borderline Americans covers distinct situations that occurred in Cochise county where the definition of being American was pursued based on what benefited the Anglos in the area. IN areas such as in Tres Alamos, there were situation s of intermarriage.In Bisbee, there was the dual-wage system the separated Mexicans from Americans, and in Tombstone, Anglos and Mexicans would come together to combat native Indians. Yet, when Mexicans wanted to put their American civil rights to action, Anglos would counter act them by saying how they were not American enough. a. In Cochise County, â€Å"corporations and governments exerted enormous influence over the creation of racial categories† (pg. 14). Everyone fought over what defined race and who could benefit from the term (pg. 14). b. In Tres Alamos, Anglos and Mexicans were friendly towards one another for political reasons. In theory. New Spain’s elite was Spanish, but in a sparsely settled frontier area, people who were Spanish-speaking, wealthy, or landed qualified as being Spanish, and thus—in the context of American racial codes—white (pg 28). c. In other areas in Arizona such as in Tucson, Anglo cowboys and Mexicans joined forces to com bat the native Indians (pg. 63). d. In Bisbee, there still existed a dual-wage system. Here, Mexicans were paid less than the Anglo men despite their skills. Corporations ruled the community, so they set the define line of who was worthy to be American and who was not based on pay (pg. 07). Dual wage system. I. Spanish American Identity: a. â€Å"The Spanish American identity in New Mexico was conceived in myth and is sustained by memory† (pg. 212). i. The Spanish American identity was an illusion that Nuevomexicanos created and lived up to during the late years of the 19th and early 20th century. b. It originates from its diverse â€Å"struggles against political and social marginalization, and was nurtured by a burgeoning tourist industry, a Hispanophilic cultural movement, and locally authored histories and scholarship† (pg. 2). i.The Spanish identity came out of years of political and social suppression. Nuevomexicanos wanted to define their racial identity, and by identifying with their Spanish origins they could argue their â€Å"purity of blood† and distinguish themselves from being â€Å"Indian† or â€Å"Anglo†, claiming identity to their European roots which was racially white, and moving away from their ‘mixed-blood Mexican immigrant identity, yet identify with their attachment to the land (by way of conquest) (pg. 16-17). ii. In summary, there was no such thing as a Spanish American identity.This was a mythical race that Nuevomexicanos created for their benefit. Nuevomexicanos hung to their Spanish roots because it gave them the power to identitify with their European roots, disassociate themselves from their Indian and Mexican immigrant roots, and still gain the privilege of enjoying social and civic equality with Anglo Americans (pg. 16). II. The White perception of Nuevomexicanos during the immediate years following the Mexican-American War. a. Anlgo’s questioned as to whether or not the Mexican-Ame rican people of New Mexico were ‘fit’ enough to be granted full U.S. -citizenship. i. The media of the time was a great example of how Anlgo’s viewed Neuvomexicanos. They mentioned how Mexicans â€Å"still â€Å"professed a deep hostility to American ideas and American policies. † Rather than assimilating into the nation cultural and political mainstream, the newspaper noted, these Mexicans stubbornly clung to their habits, political affiliations, and semipagan religious practices; they abhorred all things â€Å"American† and had little resolve to show their patriotism during the war . . (pg. 1). † 1. Anglo’s felt that Mexican’s would never be able to be loyal to the American government, and therefore they should not be granted U. S. citizenship. The media only added to this notion. b. Mexicans, because they were a mixed race, were also viewed as rebels and ‘political subversives’, and many U. S. officials such as S enator John C. Calhoun felt that they had â€Å"inherited the worst characteristics of both races, and to be â€Å"unfit† for U. S. citizenship or for self-government† (pg. 53). i.To many US Anglos, Mexicans were biologically predisposed to be savages and incapable of being loyal citizens to the United States. III. White’s views of Nuevomexicanos, New Mexico and statehood, and white migration and tourism to New Mexico. a. When Nuevomexicanos began to take claim to their â€Å"Spanish† European race, and attempt to move away from their Indian or Mexican identity, Anglo’s began to be more accepting of the state and its people. i. â€Å"The statehood debate illustrates how racial perceptions and relations played a major role in the formation of the Spanish American consciousness† (pg. 3). 1. Representative Joseph M. Root lobbied for New Mexico to gain statehood and he said how â€Å"Their race or â€Å"blood mixture† was of little conse quence to their ability to govern† (pg. 56). ii. New York Representative William H. Seward was a vocal supporter for New Mexico, and he said a speech referencing Nuevomexicanos to their Spanish roots. 1. â€Å"By praising the Spanish colonial past, Seward implied that New Mexico’s Indians and Nuevomexicanos heralded from a genteel, colonial society characterized by Christianity and racial order† (pg. 7). b. Nuevomexicanos began to redefine themselves as â€Å"Spanish† in ethnic origin and â€Å"American† in nationality (pg. 92). i. Other Anglos who were collaborating with Nuevomexicanos for their acceptance into statehood emphasized their Spanish American identity and â€Å"transformed New Mexico into the tourist capital of the Southwest, a Mecca for â€Å"American† immigrants and visitors who delighted in Spanish and Indian cultures† (pg. 2). 1.By Nuevomexicanos adopting a Spanish American identity, they not only gained support from o ther Anglo leaders, but they were also socially accepted and their ethnic background became a new tourist attraction for other Americans to come and see. IV. Romanticization of the Spanish past by Hispanophilia. a. â€Å"Hispanophilia was born of a desire to return to a simpler way of life that, in fact, had never been all that simple . . . It was an ideology (pg. 147). i. This was a way for the Spanish Americans to be proud of their racial background, yet at the same grounds have the acceptance they desired from the Anglos. . Many US Anglos from other states still feared the rumors about Mexicans and their violent characteristics. In an effort to move away from such misconceptions, Nuevomexicanos with the help of boosters, promoted their Spanish American identity, which then gave birth to Hispanophilia. This notion allowed them to create a â€Å"fantasy heritage† that was acceptable for Anglos and yet gave them the ‘acceptable means of defining their historical identi ty’ (pg. 148) V. Nuevomexicanos and their Spanish American Identity a.Nuevomexicanos used their new Spanish American identity to their advantage, for it was their only way of regaining control over their ‘declining political fortunes, land base, and language’ (pg. 148). i. From Hispanophilia came the birth of Hispanidad. 1. â€Å"Hispanidad entailed claiming ownership, most notably, of Hispanic heritage, language, values, beliefs, and culture† (pg. 171). ii. They also came to use this to their advantage by demonstrating how Spanish Americans were equal to Anglos in racial hierarchy, yet they kept their Spanish distinction from that of the Anglo’s.

Malaysia Airlines Corporate Policy and Strategy Essay

This assignment requires a writer to write a report of any organisation which is involved in transportation and communication industry. The aim and purpose of this report is to examine the strategic management process to one of the industries. The strategic management process will be more emphasise in this report where its importance in the organisation play an important factor in order for the organisation to grow and expand. Malaysia Airlines (MAS) have been chosen as an organisation for this report. Malaysia Airlines is a commercial air travel organisation where they provide transportation service throughout the world, specifically 850 destinations in 150 countries. The organisation company profile will explain more about the history of the organisation itself which are the founder of the organisation, the year it start its services, location, service range, revenue and turnover report. After that, a strategic analysis of the Malaysia Airlines will be explained more which includes general environment, internal environment and competitive environment. In general environment, the weakness of the organisation needs to analyse before the problems and weaknesses itself will take toll towards the organisation. The tool which is going to be used to overcome the weaknesses are pest analysis and swot analysis which consecutively serve its purposes to analyse internal and external factors. In internal environment, a situation that can impact Malaysia Airlines business will be evaluated. It is divided into two categories, value chain analysis and resource based view. Value chain analysis will be used to add value to the organisation itself while resource based view will be use to explain how the resources of the organisation can be use to become an advantage, competitively. After done doing that, strategic formulation is needed for Malaysia Airlines. A proper plan and strategy are needed to achieve the organisation main objectives. Business level strategy and corporate level strategy will be use to explain the competitive advantage and how corporate parent helps its subsidiary company to grow and expand. International strategy is also in included in the strategic formulation in order for Malaysia Airlines to develop its level of competencies and future potential in international arena. Implementation of that international strategy will take to action after evaluation and analysis. In the implementation strategy, a leader with a broad scope of  vision and mission is needed in order for the action plan to become reality. With a great leadership skill, the employees will be inspired to work more efficient to achieve the objective that had been set. All the explanation above are supported with proper references using journals, books, internet, articles and updated data from Malaysia Airlines from its company report. Lastly, a concl usion will be made to conclude all of the information from the report. 1.0 Introduction Malaysian Airline System Berhad is the primary airline of Malaysia. Malaysia Airlines (MAS) operates flights from Kuala Lumpur International Airport mainly and with a secondary hub at Kota Kinabalu and Kuching. From the report, the strategic management of Malaysia Airlines is analysed. The report is produced for Mr Mathew Teale. Most of the resources in this report are based on report and journal. Besides, articles and newspapers are also being used as the secondary resources. Gather from latest data, Malaysia Airlines has revenue worth as much as RM13 billion. In stategy management, there are Strategy Analysis, Strategy Formulation and Strategy Implementation which are the process to overcome that external factor which consist of objective to fulfil(Hambrick, 2007). Under the effect of globalization, the world has changed in every sector and those changes had influenced most of the corporation activities with obstacles to execute their strategy. A company’s finances will be affected if their management fails to formulate and implement the most efficient and suitable strategy. Strategy analysis, strategy formulation and strategy implementation are the fundamentals to solve negative factors regardless what is the problems. Company Profile Malaysia Airlines was founded in 1937 through an idea by the Alfred Holt’s Ocean Steamship Company in liverpool work together with the Imperial Airways in from Britain and Straits Steamship Company in Singapore. This had build the outcome of Malayan Airways Limited(MAL) on the same year. As usual, this airline faced different types of industrial challenges throughout these seven decades. Therefore, the company had improved and repackaged their image and services. Malaysia Airlines started their flight services originated in Subang Airport and later relocate to Kuala Lumpur  International Airport (KLIA). Malaysia Airlines serve different class of customers in society pyramid. Therfore, Malaysia Airlines provide different class of seatings which are first class, business class, and economic class. According to Malaysia Airlines Annual Report on 2012, incredible loss of RM481,457,000 was hit after the loss on 2011 which was two billion. This shows the incapabilities of management in Malaysia Airlines to manage the company. Therefore, the management needs to be rearranged and restructured. Besides, Malaysia Airlines are facing more competitors in the industry such as Airasia. To overcome this challenge, Malaysia Airlines tried to upkeep with their competitors by providing high quality of services in order to win customer’s faith and loyalty so that they could have stable coming back customers. Their strategy was a success and this can be seen when several awards are awarded by Skytrax UK and World Travel Awards. The awards are the Asia’s Leading Airline(2011), Asia’s Leading Business Class Airline (2010) and Five Star Airline (2012). Malaysia Airlines built up their image as the top airline in Malaysia by winning those award. 2.0 Strategic Analysis The process of helping a company to have further understanding regarding their external environment is what we call strategy analysis. Strategy analysis can maximize an organization’s potential, capability and interation between environment. Profit can be achieved if Malaysia Airlines execute the three strategic processes which are analysis, formulation and implementation. By doing the analysis of external evnironment and evaluating the internal environment, we are able to use the chances and discover the industrial potential in the future. 2.1 General Environment In order to help Malaysian Airlines in fitting itself to conquer the weaknesses, several analysis such as PEST, scenerio planning and SWOT are carried out. Besieds, general environment acts as a tool to identify the weakness in Malaysia Airlines which may lead to external environment that changes rapidly (Henry, 2008:41). 2.1.1 Scenario Planning Scenario planning is defined as procedure of visualizing what upcoming situation or events are probable, what their effects would be like,  and how to respond to, or benefit from,them(Business Dictionary, n.d.). Scenario planning not only can help to identify future oppoturnity, but also helps an organization to make critical decision. This can help an organization to utilize opportunity and stay away from the threat. The scenario planning is mention by Henry (2008) as a method to find changes and uncertainty in their industry and promote systematic thinking and even decision making under spontaneus situation. However, Malaysia Airlines did not do proper scenario planning which make them faced great loss as stated in their annual report 2012. As a way to stop this situation continue to grow, Malaysia Airline should really consider and think deeply of their scenario planning. Besides, the ultimate growth of Airline industry shows influence to Malaysia Airline scenario planning. Ther efore, Malaysia Airline should make use of PEST and SWOT analysis to identify deeply their market environment. 2.1.2 PEST analysis PEST analysis most commonly is used to measure a market. By doing the PEST analysis, Malaysia Airlines will link the entire four factors that may affect their business in general and competitive environment. As a Malaysian national flag airlines, it is compulsory and a must for them to follow and obey the political decision and governmental policies. Being an airline company in Malaysia, always need to cope with the taxes which have been a big obstacles especially during economy crisis. According to Malaysia Airlines annual report 2011, Malaysia Airlines had experienced a huge loss as RM400 millions even before taxation is done. This shows how pathetic and badly the situation of the company was. Furthermore, our current Prime Minister Datuk Seri NajibTun Razak announced that the minimum wage of private sectors in Penisular has been set for RM900 and RM800 for those in Sarawak. This increases the burden of Malaysia Airlines which has approximately 18,000 workers. As a way to overcome the new policy and adapted to it, Malaysia Airliens hence introduced a new rewarding plan to their workers. t. In coping with the new policy, Malaysia Airlines has announced on their strategy to offer permanent staff a maximum two years of unpaid leave only and excluding their subdiaries which are Maswings and FIrefly. Airlines biggest expenses will be the crews’ wages and fuel expenses. As global fuel price is increasing, it influenced Malaysia Airlines operating cost for sure which will directly result the loss in their profit. Besides, unstable fuel price that influenced economy will affect their shares price in stock exchange too. (sharif, Ranjbar and Arumugam , 2011). Furthermore, Malaysia Airlines had increased their flight ticket fares as a way to cover up the administration and operating cost. As the increment of ticket fares occurred, local citizens with lower or medium income holders to lessen their frequency to travel on flight. Besides, one of the undeniable factors is inflation which causes the value of money to be lowered extra money from the wages unable to do much extra occasion planning. Prior to the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997, Malaysia Airlines suffered in the massive losses of RM260million. As a way to overcome the crisis, the airlines cut a lot of routes which are unprofitable such as Brussels, Darwin, Honolulu, Madrid, Munich and Vancouver. Besides, approximately a decade later in 2011, frightening loss of RM2.52billion was â€Å"achieved† by Malaysia Airlines and breaks its historical record. This incident had push the management to terminate the flight to Surabaya, Karachi, Dubai, Johannesburg in January of the same year. The action was unable to calm the managements who later ceased the routes to Cape Town, Buenos Aires and Rome in February 2011. For social factor, we know that there are different types of people with different preference in this country, so with different culture and thinking in society, not everyone would like to use flight as their transportation option. This is due to the fear factor that stuck in their heart to feel insecure with the flight transportation. Therefore, safety is always one of the main feature to be concerned and make sure the society feel safe with their services. Safety instructions are being briefed before the flight depart every time and this can prevent chaos to occur if there is any accident occurs. Besides, insurance is also one of the option for customer to purchase in their flight ticket. This can relieve the insecurity of passengers when they choose to use Malaysia Airlines. In terms of technology, Internet has lead our world to globalization and  information explosion era. Malaysia Airlines sees this as an opportunity to promote their company services to the youth conveniently. The customers can purchase the flight tickets easily from their website rather than drive to their branches and queue up which will be even more expensive and time consuming. Hence, Malaysia Airlines is able to deduct and decrease overhead cost and their budget in extra offices and infrastructure. However, not everyone are well-skilled in using the internet and some of the rural areas in our country still lack of such services which seems common in most of the city. Besides, credit or debit card is a necessity in order to purchase from online ticketing system which also will be a obstacle for some of the senior citizens. Lastly, we shall concern about the stability of Malaysia Airlines proxy server which is overloaded sometimes. 2.1.3 SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is a method where a structured planning can be done by evaluating the 4 factors which are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Humprey, 2005). Malaysia Airlines can use SWOT at their own benefits to understand more about the external environment. Malaysia Airlines is a well known brand name which has become strength of this company to exploit. With its 70 years of experiences in the airline industry, this brand name has won the heart of the customers where’s loyalty is important to them. In addition, Malaysia Airlines are highly recognized by the international organisation. Plus, Malaysia Airlines are also has been supported by the Malaysian government for years. With this, they can depend on the government if they are having a financial problem or other difficulties which can benefit them. Malaysian Airlines won a lot of prestigious awards in the past 10 years and their broad network of destinations also has become their strength that led the potential and loyal customers to choose them. Thereby, with this entire strength combine, chances of Malaysia Airline to win and take control of the industry are higher. Malaysia Airlines and other companies are not excluded from the organisational weaknesses. The increasing fuel price had cause Malaysia Airlines huge loss as much as RM1.36 million.Other than that, their operating cost such as landing fees ishigherthatin which are affecting their financial. This entirely affected their profit and thus giving them problem  to be dealt with. Price war with Air Asiaalso has affected their target in controlling the local market.Since Malaysian income per capita is lower than other countries, therefore Malaysia Airlines are now focusing more with the middle and upper class customers. Malaysia Airlines has analyse its opportunities in the market. Aircraft passengers have been growing as much as 13.5% every year. By this, Malaysia Airlines are going to take this opportunity to expand their services in other countries such as China and Japan where the people over there always travel abroad. The increasing numbers of cargo industry also have become a profitable sector for Malaysia Airlines. In 2010, the increasing numbers of air cargo service has risen to 26.5%. As a result of that, Malaysia Airlines can manage to get a lot of profit in this growing industry by exploiting the opportunities and turn it into a profit. In threats, fuel price have been a problem for Malaysian Airlines for years. Inevitably, Malaysia Airlines operating cost may also increase if the fuel prices increase. Not only that, international airlines such as Cathay Pacific Airways, Singapore International Airways and Garuda Indonesia Airways are competing with Malaysia Airlines internationally and Air Asia domestically. The threat of new entrant also be a factor for Malaysia Airlines to deal with if financial institution policy changes. Lower interest rate and credit loan willallownew airliners to enter the industry. The more new airliners enter the industry; the likelihood of Malaysia Airlines to struggle in the business will be higher. In order to cope with that, Malaysia Airlines need to be more prepared. 2.2 Competitive Environment According to Mack (2010), competitive environment is defined or explained as a dynamic system for the business to compete positively in. At such, analysis technique of Porter Five Forces Framework is executed to understand the environment. 2.2.1 Porter’s Five Forces Framework Porter five forces is a framework which analyzes the industry and business strategy development to determine the competitive strength (Porter, 1979). By using this analyzing technique, Malaysia Airlines can identify the threat of new entrants. Since the needs to start an airlines company are hard,  consequently, the threat of new entrants has reduced. Furthermore, brand name is important to the customers these days. Adding to that, to go into this business not also need high capital but also need an establish brand name. Thus, rather than start an establish brand name, the new threat entrants will focus more on the loyal customer. The only new threat entrants Malaysia Airlines need to focus more are the international airlines. There are two companies that are competing against each other in the aircraft manufacturing industry which are Boeing and Airbus. Since Malaysia Airlines are choosing Boeing as their main aircraft, therefore, Boeing has no option to increase their aircraft pr ices. If Boeing increases their aircraft price, most probably Malaysia Airlines will change their aircraft to Airbus. Consequently, Malaysia Airlines can use its bargaining power of consumer to bargain the aircraft price. This undoubtedly will be an advantage to Malaysia Airlines to save their buying cost that led Boeing with no other choice to sell its aircraft to Malaysia Airlines since they’re having a tough time in competing in the aircraft manufacturing industry. The bargaining power of suppliers is depending on the numbers of alternatives the consumer has. For Malaysia Airlines, it is difficult to change to another aircraft manufacturer such as Airbus since their maintenance staff areexperienced with Boeing’s aircraft. By changing the aircraft manufacturer, Malaysia Airlines need to spend a lot of money to train their maintenance staff which and switching cost is high.Therefore, the power of suppliers cannot be a negative factor since Malaysia Airlines only rely on one aircraft manufacturer. Plus, the power of suppliers is insignificant where Malaysia Airlines has their own aircraft maintenance subsidiary company. For fuel, the bargaining power of suppliers is not really high since in Malaysia there is only little petrol organization and the price is set by the government. 2.2.2 Strategic Groups Strategic groups are used to classify or identity the companies that are having the similar business model or mixture of strategies applied. (Porter, 1980). As a well known 5 stars airlines company, Malaysia Airlines always offer various place of destinations throughout the world where Airasia only provide certain well-known and popular destination. However, Airasia as the  low cost carrier, has advantages in competition as they can always attract customers in Asia that always go for cheaper option. 2.3 Internal Environment An internal environmental analysis is an extensive review of all aspects of a company’s operations, internal guidance and mission. (wiseGEEK, n.d.). Value-chain analysis and resource-based view can be used as analysis tools. 2.3.1 Value-chain Analysis Malaysia Airlines primary income is based from logistics services and secondary activities are aircraft maintenance and technology development. By coordinate these value chain analysis activities, Malaysia Airlines can have a lower cost structure and increase the value of outcome product. By increasing the value of outcome product, Malaysia Airlines can compete better in the industry by understanding the connection between each of the value-chain activity. Additionally, a proper coordination with their union, customers and suppliers can reduce cost and adds up the bonding between customers and company itself. As its outcome, improvement of the performance in Malaysia Airlines primary and secondary activities can be achieved and higher profit can be gained in the process. . 2.3.2 Resource-based View Airline industry was slammed pretty hard globally in previous years. Terrorists attack on 11st September 2001 still horrified the hearts of passengers globally. The strong competitive environments by low cost carriers such as Airasia in Malaysia is also causing the national flag carrier to restructure their operations. Their resources such as airplanes and crews quality need to be concerned and look into deeply. As the oldest flight carrier company in Malaysia, they shall use this advantage to continue to stay at the frontline in airline industry by using its available sufficient resources efficiently with the help of government and come up with efficient strategies as a way to compete and stabilize its own potision in airline industry. . 3.0 STRATEGY FORMULATION Formulation of strategies is necessary in order for Malaysia Airlines to  achieve its mission and objectives. An excellent structure and organize strategies will beneficiary to Malaysia Airlines in competing in the airline industry. 3.1 Business Level Strategy Business level strategy is very important where it will be use as a method to develop the strategy at a maximum level. In addition, it is crucial for Malaysia Airlines to implement and adapt to this strategy because it’s a way for them to make use all of their resources and competency in the airlines industry to accomplish its corporate level strategy. 3.1.1 Industry Life Cycle In any industries, introduction, growth, maturity and decline development stages have to go through including industry products. Malaysia Airlines has gone through the introduction phase where they had been through a lot of difficulties and up and down since 1937. But unfortunately, Malaysia Airlines financial report has shown that the company is suffering from internal and external environment where they are facing profit losses. Malaysia Airlines is now in the growth stage where they are trying to impose a new efficient strategy to cover up their losses from 2008 to 2012. Malaysia Airlines profit are at the highest in 2008 as much as RM15,570,141 and decreasing slowly in the past 5 years and the lowest is in the year 2009 that decline as much as RM11,605,111. Factors that cause this financial downturn are the increasing price of the fuel, competitiveness of other airlines, poor marketing strategy and high operating cost. In coping with this matter, Malaysia Airlines is now broadening their flight destination and suspend some flight from a destination that give less profit, improve quality of service in order to create customer demand and thus progressing in the growth stage. 3.1.2 Differentiation Malaysia Airlines impose differentiation strategy by creating various types of seat class such as Economic Class, Business Class and First Class. This is to ensure that all the variety of services that being offer are affordable for the different type of customers. It is also to increase the  advantages in competing by delivering the value added product to differentiate Malaysia Airlines services from other airline competitors. Adding to that, by letting the customers choose what type of services they want, the loyalty of the customer would be increased. This shows that Malaysia Airlines are coping with price sensitivity, switching cost, higher entry barriers and threat of substitutes, in the five forces. As a result, Malaysia Airlines has successfully competed in the airline price wars that let the company to gain back profit in 2011. 3.2 Corporate Level Strategy Corporate strategy signifies actions for Malaysia Airlines to take in gaining its competitive advantage. Specifically, to help Malaysia Airlines in an advantage where they can control the market and maximise profit for a long period of time. Thus, this strategy helps Malaysia Airlines to improve its strategy and at the same time giving them a great position in controlling the market. 3.2.1 Growth Strategies Any company can practice four strategies specifically for the growing process. By now, Malaysia Airlines are targeting to penetrate the international control the local market. Malaysia Airlines are trying to use its existing services and products to increase their sales. Malaysia Airlines achieve it by strengthening the bond with their customer to keep using its airlines and at the same time bringing new customer. For that reason, Malaysia Airlines are now starting to increase their promotion using social and mass media. Other than that, Malaysia Airlines are also improving their website to become more convenient and easy with less procedure for all the customers that wish to book a ticket. In surviving in the mature market, Malaysia Airlines should prepare more for its opportunity to expand its growth. Malaysia Airlines as a pioneer and leading the local airlines industry should increase more their competitiveness in competing in the international market. Taking ASEAN countries as a first step, Malaysia Airlines should understand more each of the country geographically, culture and religions. By developing this understanding, customers will tend to choose Malaysia Airlines that in the end would increase their sales, profit  and penetrate the international market. 3.2.2 Corporate Parenting Malaysia Airlines as parent company of MAS Cargo, MASwings, MAS Aerotechnologies and etc. Malaysia Airlines as the corporate parent can achieve a lot of profit if they integrate all of its subsidiaries company as an individual business unit. Malaysia Airlines can save cost in managing all of its subsidiaries company. Not just that, a proper integration between the subsidiaries company can help Malaysia Airlines to derive its economic scale that will further move them in accomplishing their goals. Concurrently, Malaysia Airlines can help its subsidiaries company and put them into an advantage where they can make use ofMalaysia Airlines expertise and resources. As a result of that, Malaysia Airline’s subsidiaries company will be enhance in controlling their budget, making decision and planning process. Nevertheless, if any economic catastrophes occur, therefore, it will become disadvantage for Malaysia Airlines if its subsidiaries company is in the economic crisis. 3.2.3 Strategic Evaluation In following the variety formulation strategic plan, strategic evaluation is the most important part before implementing all of the strategies that been plan. The strategies will be evaluate and assess to find out its efficiency. In addition, the consistency of the strategies must be in a long term where the use of the strategies itself can benefit Malaysia Airlines in the coming years rather than being a yearly plan. It’s obvious that not all of the strategies will become a success, but at least an initiative to evaluate the plan been done in order to minimize the risk. Thus, Malaysia Airlines need to select a proper and the best strategies that can help them in realizing their goal and objectives. 3.3 International Strategy and Globalization Globalization is a worldwide issue where customer’s needs and wants are being standardized. It can cause positive and negative effect on any organization depending on how they cope and make use of the globalization itself as an advantage to them. For instance, the globalization on fuel price, landing fees and aircraft spare part prices are now standardized accordingly. But  luckily Malaysia Airlines have their own resources for these three needs where they have their own aircraft maintenance subsidiary company and support from Malaysia government.In marketing their product, Malaysia Airlines can use its global brand name to maximize marketing efficiency. For this reason, Malaysia Airlines should use this opportunity to expand their wing in the international market. Nonetheless, Malaysia Airlines also need to be aware and choose the right strategy if they want to penetrate the market. 4.0 STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION Well plan strategies are not going to work well with an organization if it’s implemented inadequately. In getting success in implementing the strategies, Malaysia Airlines need to increase their efficiency in communication, managing their resources and improve their employee’s morale. Leadership also playsits role in making Malaysia Airlines to gain success in implementing the strategies. Therefore, all the staff in Malaysia Airlines should work together in realizing the strategies to become reality. 4.1 Strategic Leadership The leader is the only one that can determine the future of any company. Without them, the chances of any company to collapse and bankrupt will be high. That is because the needs of a leader in a company affect the path of the company whether it can generate income and be victorious or it can only make profit losses and bankruptcy in the end. Not a lot of people can be a great leader but everyone can have the traits of a leader which are visionary, inspire and drive their followers to achieve success. It can be said that Malaysia Airlines leadership has weaknesses in scenario planning that causes market share and revenue losses. For this reason, leadership of Malaysia Airlines should apply the vision trait in order to cope with changes and for the sake of the company continuity. When leaders are able to master the vision trait, it will be easier for them to collaborate, motivate, trust, and interdependence amongst their staff. Plus, the coordination and path of Malaysia Airlines will be in the same direction of achieving common objectives that may lead Malaysia Airlines to a bigger  industry. Malaysia Airlines is now operating in a competitive environment. So, the vision of leadership can’t be sluggish. Leader task is not just dealing with external factors but also playing an important role on observing employee’s attitude. Therefore, a leader should know and oblige to inspire and motivate employees if they’re lacking with something that will affect the vision of the company. Giving the employees rewards are the best thing to do in making the company vision to become a reality. Leader needs to be proactive in handling situation. The needs of keeping the vision on the right track and the same time monitoring its progress is necessary so that Malaysia Airlines will be more prepare in enduring and responding towards the changes that happen. Moreover, democratic leader is important where the leaders itself can put themselves with the employees and communicate with the employees. Encouragement and understanding can be developing with the employees if any conflict happen and then settle together as a team. By doing this, the work rate and performance of Malaysia Airlines will improve and in the end will increase the profit and maximizes the resources that they have. 4.2 Change Management Competitiveness in airlines industry has become fiercer than before. Due to that, Malaysia Airlines should be ready to embrace and adapt to changes in order to compete in the market. In achieving this, Malaysia Airlines should improve their state division management. This is because every state division especially in Sarawak is having trouble with the competitiveness from low cost airlines such as Air Asia and the new low cost airline, Malindo Air. Therefore, Malaysia Airlines should take a strategic change to their state division in coping with the external environment. Poor leadership has been one of many factors that cost their profit losses and customer loyalty. By implying a proper marketing strategy, Malaysia Airlines will be able to challenge the local airline industry. Adding to that, improvement in every managing structure in each state division is a  must since the capabilities and set of skills of each employee can be outdated under some circumstances. Thus, changes and improvements are needed in order to comply with customer’s needs and achieving goals. 4.3 Role of Systems Excellent plan strategies won’t work unless leaders and human resources play their role in implementing the strategies. 4.3.1 Organizational Structure Organizational structure is a fundamental that can affect the strategy implementation. Effective use of labor by giving specific task can contribute an advantage in competing in the industry. In general, the four organizational structures are functional, divisional, entrepreneurial and matrix. Malaysia Airlines are now using divisional structure to conduct their corporate parenting by dividing resources in each division. It is essential for them in order to gain profit. Using this structure, Malaysia Airlines are decentralizing the power of making decision to each division and that give a clearer goal to the employees to achieve. Nevertheless, the plentiful number of divisions will cost a lot and sharing of knowledge will be lesser. To respond to that, Malaysia Airlines should manage all the division under one command center by using network structure and all the information gathered need to be transmitted to headquarter. 4.3.2 Organizational Process Malaysia Airlines organizational processes are of consist of entrepreneurial and competence-building. In entrepreneurial process, employees will bemotivated by delegating some tasks to them that of course will increase their discipline and efficiency compared to strict control. In building competency, employee differences of capabilities will be given a specific task to them in order to gain trust amongst the Malaysia Airlines and the employees itself. By implementing this, a more proactive and efficient workforce can be produced in the process of achieving the goals. 4.3.3 Strategic Control Systems In improving the employee’s performance and at the same time retaining their performance, control and reward systems are a must. Well rewarded employees undoubtedly will perform very well. By implementing this, Malaysia Airlines can manage to deliver consistent services to their customers. Plus, motivated work force surely will lead Malaysia Airlines to gain profit. As a result of that, employees that perform with excellence and if the satisfaction towards their job are high, the probability of staying longer with Malaysia Airlines are also high. Thus, this will surely eliminate the cost of looking for new employees. Malaysia Airlines as corporate parent also need to use control and reward system in order to increase the motivation of the employees to achieve goals that being set. By means of giving them reward based on their performance, the employee’s tendency of performing at their best most likely will be high. By doing this, a more standardize employee performance can be achieved. In addition, controlling the employees is not necessarily being strict with them but being understanding is the greatest option to choose where employees automatically will increase their work rate that will lead Malaysia Airlines to compete vigorously in the industry. 4.3.4 Corporate Governance Corporate governance is where business is managed for the shareholder according to the right and wishes of the stakeholder. It is also where an organization is responsible for the stakeholder’s interest in the organization itself. Corporate governance ensures that the stakeholderreceives something in the forms of money or others.Malaysia Airlines should take the approach in implementing what they want to do to the stakeholder so that the stakeholder will feel secure. Openness with stakeholder is a must where company’s finance and planmust be share to win their trust. Any decisionsare made by Malaysia Airlines can affect stakeholder trust. Hence, leadership and management of the organization are responsible in balancing the needs of stakeholders. Finally, a more synchronize and efficient corporate governance is necessary in planning strategies which can fit the organizational structure that in the end  getting control of the market. Conclusion Strategic management is very important for every organisation. Small organisation to giant organisation requires strategic management to expand and improve their managing ability. Adding to that, it can also help them to compete in the industry where all the strategies can be used to cope with the industry competitiveness itself. Strategic analysis, scenario planning, PEST and SWOT analysis, Porter five forces, strategic formulation, strategic implementation; and other strategies are important to imply within the organization. Not just for the sake of getting profit, but also for long term future. All of the strategies mentioned above can help Malaysia Airlines to increase their profits and cover their losses. Not just that, the strategies also can help dealing with the external factors such as competitors, policies, and most importantly the internal environment itself. Efficiency, cost saving and opportunity exploitation can be achieved if the strategies are carried out with proper planning. 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